Amnesty International calls for immediate ban on pellet shotgun in J&K

Srinagar: Amnesty International has called for a blanket ban on the use of pellet shotgun on protesters in Jammu and Kashmir, saying it has caused fatal injuries to several people and blindness among scores others.

The Amnesty India released a new briefing titled “Losing Sight in Kashmir: The Impact of Pellet-Firing Shotguns” simultaneously in Srinagar and Delhi on Wednesday. It presents the cases of 88 people whose eyesight was damaged by metal pellets fired from pump-action shotguns used by the Jammu and Kashmir police and CRPF between 2014 and 2017. Several victims of the pellet shotgun use were also present during the Amnesty India briefing here to share their distressful stories.

While releasing the report, Amnesty India’s Executive Director Aakar Patel called on the central and State governments to immediately stop the use of pellet-firing shotguns and ensure that the use of all other weapons is in line with international human rights standards on use of force. “In his Independence Day speech, Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, said that change in Kashmir will not come from guns or abuses – na goli, na gali. If the government truly means this, they must end the use of pellet-firing shotguns, which have caused immense suffering in Kashmir,” he said.

The report says that pellet-firing shotguns have been responsible for blinding, killing and traumatising hundreds of people in Kashmir and, therefore, these must be immediately banned. It says, “Authorities claim the pellet shotgun is not lethal, but the injuries and deaths caused by this cruel weapon bear testimony to how dangerous, inaccurate and indiscriminate it is. There is no proper way to use pellet-firing shotguns. It is irresponsible of authorities to continue the use of these shotguns despite being aware of the damage they do.”

The report says that the people injured by pellet-firing shotguns have faced serious physical and mental health issues, including symptoms of psychological trauma. It adds that school and university students who were hit in the eyes said that they continue to have learning difficulties. “Several victims who were the primary breadwinners for their families fear they will not be able to work any longer. Many have not regained their eyesight despite repeated surgeries,” it says.

“In some cases, those injured by pellet-firing shotguns still have the metal pellets lodged in their skulls, near their eyes. Doctors have been afraid to remove the pellets, fearing that it will affect eyesight, but they are not sure what the long-term effects will be,” said Zahoor Wani, Senior Campaigner at AI (India).

He added, “Unfortunately the central government has turned down requests for information about pellet shotguns. It is unclear if the shotguns have been properly tested, or their effects and risks assessed, or whether there is even any protocol about how they must be used. The government of Jammu and Kashmir has done little to support those injured and disabled by this weapon.”

AI (India) said that it also obtained information through Right to Information applications which suggests that the use of the inherently inaccurate pellet-firing shotguns by security forces has injured other security force personnel. At least, 16 personnel from the Jammu and Kashmir Armed Police were treated for pellet injuries in Kupwara in 2016. “AI India wrote to the JKP and CRPF for further information, but no responses were received”, it said.

Mr. Patel said, “The authorities have a duty to maintain public order, but using pellet shotguns is not the solution.” He added, “Security forces must address stone-throwing or other violence by protestors by means that allow for better targeting or more control over the harm caused.”
 
AI (India) also demanded that the authorities should also provide full reparation in line with international standards to those injured by pellet-firing shotguns and to the families of those killed. It said the J&K government should also initiate “prompt, independent and impartial civilian investigations” into all incidents where the use of pellet-firing shotguns led to deaths or injuries “to establish whether arbitrary or excessive force was used, and where sufficient evidence is found, prosecute those suspected of responsibility in civilian courts”.

It said that the security forces have used metal pellet-firing shotguns against protesters in the Kashmir Valley since, at least, 2010. The shotguns fire a large number of small pellets spreading over a wide range. “There is no way to control the trajectory or direction of the pellets, whose effects are therefore indiscriminate. By their very nature, the weapons have a high risk of causing serious and permanent injuries to the persons targeted as well as to others. These risks are virtually impossible to control,” the report says.

It further said that the pellet shotguns and the manner in which they have been used in Kashmir violate international standards on the use of force, which state that law enforcement officials may use force “only when strictly necessary and to the extent required for the performance of their duty”. It quotes the UN Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms which state that force should only be used when unavoidable, and law enforcement officials should “exercise restraint” in using force and “minimize damage and injury”.