Smoking rates higher among users of substance like alcohol and marijuana

Washington: In a recently conducted study by the Prevention Research Center of the Pacific Institute, researchers evaluated the in-depth understanding of smoking among patients in an urban emergency department.

The study was published in the journal -- 'Tobacco Use Insights.' Studying patients in urban emergency departments matters because these patients smoke cigarettes and use other substances at higher rates than the general population.

The data are from a survey of 1037 patients in California. The key results include the following:-

• The smoking prevalence was higher among men than women (35.5 per cent vs 18.9 per cent). These smoking rates are more than double those seen among adult men and women in California.
• Smoking rates were higher among the users of other substances such as alcohol, marijuana, amphetamines, and cocaine and among those who misused prescription opioids.
• There were no racial or ethnic differences in the likelihood of current smoking among men, but Hispanic/Latino and African American men were less likely to be heavier smokers than white men;
• Among women, Hispanics/Latinas were less likely to be current smokers, and Hispanics/Latinas and African Americans were less likely to be light smokers compared to white women;
• Being unemployed was associated with current and moderate/heavier smoking among women;
• Food insufficiency was related to current and light smoking among men.
• Among women, past-year intimate partner violence was related to current smoking, light and moderate/heavier smoking;

Having a spouse/partner who smoked was related to smoking behaviour among the sample's men and women.

The above-mentioned findings indicate that, among urban emergency department patients, those who are faced with socio-economic stressors, such as unemployment and food insufficiency, may be particularly vulnerable to smoking-related health disparities.

Dr Carol Cunradi, the lead author of the study, said: "Clinicians should consider factors such as polysubstance use and socioeconomic stressors as they screen underserved patients who smoke and formulate cessation treatment plans."