London: In some good news for career women,scientists have found that delaying pregnancy till age 35 may actually make children smarter, contradicting the conventional
belief.
In contrast to 40 years ago, children born to older mothers today are more likely to perform better in cognitive ability tests than those born to younger mothers. This shift is due to the changing characteristics of women who have children at an older age, said researchers from the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) in the UK.
Older mothers today tend to be more advantaged than younger mothers - for example, they are well educated, are less likely to smoke during pregnancy and are established in
professional occupations. This was not necessarily true in the past. Today an increasing number of women are having their first child at an older age and, on average, first-born
children perform better on cognitive ability tests, researchers said.
This is possibly because they receive more resources and attention from parents than siblings born after them. In contrast, in the past, older mothers were likely to be giving
birth to their third or fourth child, they said. Researchers, including those from Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (MPIDR) in Germany, analysed data from three UK longitudinal studies.
In the 1958 and 1970 cohorts children born to mothers aged 25-29 scored higher than children born to mothers aged 35-39. In the 2001 cohort this result was reversed,
researchers said. Although the results were similar for the children born to mothers over 40, the sample was smaller which means the findings should be treated with caution. When the researchers took the mothers' social and economic characteristics into account, the differences across cohorts disappeared, researchers said.
This indicates that the changing characteristics of women who have children at an older age were highly likely to be the reason for the cohort differences, they said. "Our research is the first to look at how the cognitive abilities of children born to older mothers have changed over time and what might be responsible for this shift," said Dr Alice Goisis, a researcher at LSE. "It's essential to better understand how these children are doing given that, since the 1980s, there has been a significant increase in the average age of women having their
first child in industrialised countries.
"Cognitive ability is important in and of itself but also because it is a strong predictor of how children fare in later life - in terms of their educational attainment, their occupation and their health," said Goisis. The research was published in the International Journal of Epidemiology.
